For our purposes here, the term textus receptus means the 1550 edition of the Greek New Testament published by Robertus Stephanus. The KJV is a translation of an edition of the Greek New Testament text called the Textus Receptus. I dont know what to tell you to change your mind. (An excellent article BTW, though a bit technical.). The foundational premise for the Confessional Position is quite different than the other two theories. Thank you for this article. He returned to the monastery some 15 years later, partially in hopes of recovering the manuscript. (, 3rd generation: 8 correct copies, 7 incorrect copies (~1, 4th generation: 16 correct copies, 22 incorrect copies (~1, 5th generation: 32 correct copies, 60 incorrect copies (~1, Short = Alexandrian, reflecting scholarly revision, Medium = Widely believed to be the true/original because it maintained a near-identical form over 1000+ years, and most manuscripts are of this type. (Like the Johannine Comma, which the Majority text doesnt include). Is this true? The grass withers, If you could alter the rules or simply remove the bias against the Byzantine text type Reasoned Eclecticism stands a very good chance of producing the best results. The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our God shall stand for ever. My personal opinion is that the Majority text is an excellent starting point. Meanwhile, North Africa and the East were conquered by Muslims. The Patriarchal Text and the Textus Receptus upon which the King James is based are pretty close most of the time but there are some . Thus, the only major Christian center left is Byzantine Empire. But I find your interpretation of Psalms 12, while correct in a literal sense, wrong in a prophetical sense. I am still hoping you will take some time to answer my last questions: When do you think the church lost the true preserved Word of God? I dont have particular references for that other than reading quotes of his letters to that regard here and there. I have nothing but respect and admiration for your work here, brother. Otherwise I really like it. The authority (the symbol) is placed over her own head because of the angels. Again as shown in the article, there are no less than 27 different versions, so which one should we use? Apologize for typos, kind of hurriedly typed that up on my phone. The Aland rules generally follow the Westcott & Hort rules with one major difference. I think this Bible has been changed significantly in the Revised English Bible (1989) translation to be gender inclusive. I appreciate you so much for putting all this work into such an important topic. There are three major competing Greek sources to use for translating the New Testament: the Critical Text, the Majority Text, and the Textus Receptus. I assume the author of this article knows that the Hebrew word in question is also translated correctly every one of them. Not brining this out may have been an error in thorough study, or intentional bias. I poked around a bit on that website you linked to and they have some odd beliefs that make me want other sources to corroborate. The longer reading is found in the Majority Text, but not in the Critical text. Therefore, they had the saying the shorter reading is the more probable reading.. There is some disagreement on the actual level of quality. Many times Jesus said, It is written. He lived in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Have you even attempted to understand the woman taken in adultery? Has recent textual criticism increased our faith in God? A transmissional approach to textual criticism is not unparalleled. Are you aware that the Received Text (Textus Receptus) is essentially a 16th century Critical Text? It seems obvious that the entire thing wasnt going to be burned. Theres no scriptural basis for the idea whatsoever, and so asserting it dogmatically is a very bad idea. One of them appears to be of poor quality, one of mediocre quality and the remaining three appear to be of decent quality and a few small variants aside appear to be in near perfect agreement. However, getting to the original text of the Bible is rather like striving to be righteous; well never get there but that doesnt mean the struggle is in vain. I suppose if you know where all the errors are, you might want to make them publicly known so that they can be corrected. First, we should reiterate that the differences were talking about here occur in less than 1% of the New Testament. (And before you bring up Hebrews 4:12, realize that in context its talking about Jesus there too). Obviously he did it, so the logic that it would be ridiculous for him to does not follow. The Textus Receptus goes back to the early Christians. ejoice, ye heavens, with him, and let all the angels of God worship him; I will deliver them out of the power of Hades, and will redeem them from death: where is thy penalty, O death? Not only is the parallel between NT transmissional history and that of Homer striking, but the same situation exists regarding the works of Hippocrates. Praise ye the LORD. And again, when he bringeth in the firstbegotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him. I lead a mens Bible study which is currently discussing truth and questions came up over the parenthetical thought in 1 Tim 2:7 ( vs ). PROF. JOHN WILLIAM WEVERS (1919-2010). The Septuagint was most probably translated by Origen in about 250 AD. Jan de Waard received his PhD from the University of Leiden in 1965. Additionally, That question above is the whole problem for me, or at least most of it. An active member of Toronto's Rosedale Presbyterian Church from 1951. My question is around a possible assumption: 13 For great is Thy mercy toward me: and Thou hast delivered my soul from the lowest hell. Fixed, thank you for pointing that out. Bless you for all of your hard work, many Christians are highly caught up in fear of being misled by the written word. (Source for this quote is: Homer: The Origins and the Transmission, by Thomas W. Allen), 22. But the principle remains that the Vaticanus scribe certainly wasnt top tier. God Bless, and venture forth armed with knowledge. There remains a persistent bias against the Byzantine Text type in the Critical text, which is very unfortunate. Paulsons data: I emphasize that these numbers showing that five important early manuscripts combine to produce a total of 706 singular readings only taking the text of Matthew into consideration. We're happy to have you here, please browse all our site and listen to our stream, feel free to check out our schedule for your favorite shows and programs. Irenaeus in the 2nd century, though not in Alexandria, made a similar admission on the state of corruption among New Testament manuscripts. In reality, the distribution is never that perfect. Are you aware that that is a myth, or at least that that assertion has been shown of many to be false? Served as chair of the Presbyterian Church of Canada's Administrative Council. In fact, this Textual Variant (movable Nu) is the single most common Textual Variant. Its possible the longer reading was copied over from Matthew 22:14, but I would lean toward original. While the ASV used Westcott/Horts Greek New Testament text, the Web uses the Greek Majority Text. The Textus Receptus is the textual basis behind KJV and NKJV. Your treatment of the Word of God must be pointed out. (Its also called Haplography, but the two are technically slightly different) This error occurs when two words or phrases end with the same letters/words, and the scribe accidentally skips everything in between. Thank you for all of your hard work and youre opinion and your honesty! Further, you note, correctly of course, that the Bible doesnt save anyoneChrist and His work provide salvationyou, in exhaustion I hope and not in dishonesy, fail to deal with the fact that this offer of salvation is conveyed to us by Gods words or not at all. We know that the very means by which we communicate to each otherwordsare crucially important to God. Biblical quotations of the earliest church fathers are always The Tetragrammaton (over 6,800 times in the OT) will be rendered as Yahweh. There may well be one, but I dont know which one. On the afternoon of this day I was taking a walk with the steward of the convent in the neighbourhood, and as we returned, towards sunset, he begged me to take some refreshment with him in his cell. Wow! Received his Th.D. Off hand I can think of one or two places where the KJV follows Jeromes vulgate. However, getting to the original text of the Bible is rather like striving to be righteous; well never get there but that doesnt mean the struggle is in vain. Taken literally, you are saying that the pure Word of God was originally inspired, but no one today could ever claim to hold that pure Word in their own hands. Aland rule #6: Furthermore, manuscripts should be weighed, not counted, and the peculiar traits of each manuscript should be duly considered. First, remember that the worst manuscript at the 5th generation has exactly and only 5 mistakes (one added every generation). He examined eighteen editions of the Textus Receptus to find the correct Greek rendering, and made the changes to his Greek text. There one can observe that between NA25 and NA27, there were 397 changes in the Gospels, 119 in Acts, 149 in the Pauline Epistles, 46 in the General Epistles, and 29 in Revelation, for a total of740. Please dont mistake the one for the other. Your thoughts I would appreciate. Its not good to be so confident in your writing and yet be so wrong in interpreting Scripture. {Often used with other particles prefixed}[a primary particle]KJV: and besides, doubtless, at least, yet G1093 ge (ee') n.1. Their approach is to take all the manuscripts we have, and find which Textual Variant has support among the majority of manuscripts, and given that reading priority. Maybe you should have explained that, out of those manuscripts he consulted, he selected 7-8 fit enough to produce his text. You can double check me by looking at Psalm 12:7 in an interlinear Bible. Thank you for this article. I just dont believe you have come to true conclusions. Further, lets tip this against the Majority Text. Does it matter much if Paul wrote a owl vs an owl? You are arguing from the side opposite of Gods promise to preserve His Word, and Im sure that you will never win. (In most cases, more on that in a minute). Westcott & Hort believed the Byzantine text type was a combination of the Alexandrian and Western text types. Rather, decisions in textual criticism must be worked out afresh, passage by passage (the local principle). Lately, Ive been looking to getting a new Bible anyway because Ive somewhat grown out of my NIV Bible, but Ive been going back and forth trying to figure out if the KJV only idea is legit. Aside: I try not to run in circles as I have found you dont get very far! Many claim it was found in the trash while other claim it was carefully preserved by monks. As an aside because the KJV is often central to the Confessional Position its worth noting that the KJV wasnt translated from any one single text. The NT Byzantine Textform reflects a similar continuance from at least the fourth century onward. You might just as well set yourself opposite of Gods very name, for He has magnified His Word above all His Name. If youd like to read a longer treatment of this topic, I highly recommend this article. ( a symbol of and her are supplied and not in the original but states the obvious that the head covering is a symbol and that it is placed on the womans (her) head. My current go-to Bible is the MEV (Modern English Version). Welcome to Mood FM Belize 106.3! Other major Textual Variants include the story of the woman caught in Adultery (Pericope Adulterae for short) and the last 12 verses in Marks Gospel. i.e. Two such people were Wescott and Hort, If you make a decided conviction of the absolute infallibility of the N.T, I fear I could not join you. But the book which has most engaged me is Darwin. , , , , , . I started with a NKJV, then last 10 years or so a NASB. My biggest gripe with the TR is that it includes the story of the woman caught in adultery, despite the text of the story itself proving that its not scripture. This also applies to manuscript families. Now, the first document to be called Textus Receptus was published in 1633. Im not sure which. So lets look at their methodology, and the methodology of Reasoned Eclecticism in general. Now that you understand the three text types/families, well move onto discussing the most popular of the three theories. The NKJV is a purification of the KJV. God has preserved His Word to all generations, without fail! However, theyre worth noting. By this, they mean that God wouldnt allow the true version of the Scriptures to be replaced with a corrupt version of the scriptures. Which single document/manuscript is perfectly preserved? Hopefully, this can be a one stop shop for anyone wishing for an introduction on New Testament Textual Criticism. However, it completely ignores evidence from versional manuscripts (translations) and the early church fathers. There is one man who has proposed another model I find agreeable, and I confess I got many of my ideas from him. However, that not necessarily the case. The context would determine which of the two meanings are to be used. Theres further evidence based on quotes they said that they didnt take the Bible seriously, literally, and endorsed the Theory of Evolution. They are inextricably linked. Notice, Like a Shepherd, appears to be an obvious reference to Jesus given the context. The 1894 TR would be Scriveners, which is an attempt to make a Greek New Testament which is identical to the KJV. He was fluent in German and Dutch, could communicate orally in Arabic and French and could understand and write Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic. They start with human reason, tangible evidence, and personal experience; then they move to God. That covers the early manuscripts, but what about the later ones? Thats definitely possible maybe even likely but by no means certain. I hope that helps. The WEB translation reads: For this cause the woman ought to have authority over her own head, because of the angels. In both classical and NT traditions there thus seems to be a scribal continuity of a basic standard text which remained relatively stable, preserved by the unforced action of copyists through the centuries who merely copied faithfully the text which lay before them. When Jesus quoted the OT to the Pharisees, it was clear that He considered the words to be preserved. Thank you. To be sure thats not politically correct, but thats what the passage is saying and the Bible is very consistent on this. Heres Dan Wallace arguably the most respected New Testament textual critic alive today talking about one of our oldest manuscripts, specifically Codex Alexandrius. Such is the power/authority of the covering on the head of the woman. The Textus Receptus: the "received text", Erasmus in the 15th Century AD, compiled the New Testament from Greek manuscripts (not using the Latin) utilizing as his main source the Byzantine Family of Greek texts which are later Greek texts from 5th to 12th C, but Erasmus only used 6 Byzantine texts from the 12th Century. This page was last modified on 17 March 2016, at 05:24. I use this one online (the old translation by Brenton): The reason I added cross-references is because I have only been reading the Bible for a couple months so I probably won't have much use out of the cross-references until I read through a lot. The criticism of the Homeric epics proceeds on much the same line. Further, well assume the persistence of errors, meaning faithful scribes will copy even the errors of previous scribes. The earliest Masoretic manuscripts are from the 9th or 10th centuries AD. The Majority Text and the Original Text: Are They Identical? Textual criticism However, things change if you include the Latin manuscripts weve found. Textus Receptus (TR) The Textus Receptus (latin, "Received Text") is the Greek text originally compiled by Erasmus around 1516. But God, who is rich in mercy, because of his great love that he had for us, made us alive with Christ even though we were dead in trespasses. , No LXX The Fictitious Use of the So Called Septuagint, Dr Phil Stringer - The Truth About the LXX Septuagint, Trinitarian Bible Society The Septuagint: God's Blessing on Translation, Sinaiticus.Net - Exposing Codex Sinaiticus, 191 Variations in Scriveners 1881 Greek New Testament from Beza's 1598 Textus Receptus, List of Bible verses not included in the ESV, Revelation 16:5 and the Triadic Declaration - A defense of the reading of shalt be in the Authorized Version, http://textus-receptus.com/wiki/Septuagint. The AV translators relied heavily upon the work of William Tyndale and other editions of the English Bible. First, lets look at a passage that will become important to understanding these two verses. You should keep your mouth shut. Its far more likely that the sentence was there as a not-so-subtle marketing tactic. Byzantine type was the pauline and arabic diatessaron of the texttype, by them when he prayed more, version of alexandrian text is the. ), Further, this method of disproving the Majority Text makes an incorrect assumption: that errors are tenacious, i.e. Hopefully you found it useful, complete, and you now have a good understanding of Textual Criticism. Each textual family (or text type) tends to contain similar readings to other manuscripts in its family, but the readings are different from the readings of other textual families. Believing in Jesus Christ for salvation is the act of trusting Him, and depending on His ability to keep you (Acts 17:30; Mark 1:15; Luke 17:21; Acts 3:19; Acts 20:21; Acts 26:20). Typically, these variants are found only in a single manuscript, or in a small group of manuscripts from one small part of the world. The Word of God is truth (Hebrews 4:12; Psalms 18:30; Psalms 19:8; Psalms 119:140; II Samuel 22:31; Proverbs 30:5). We have 5000+ manuscripts of the New Testament, though many are smaller fragments. God didnt write multiple Bibles did He? Therefore, ~130 pages were going to be burned. Allen notes that the actual text of Hippocrates in Galens day was essentially the same as that of the mediaeval MSS [just as] the text of [Homer in] the first century B.C. You did warn us it was long. . I only touched on it where you mentioned, but thats one of those known unknowns that well probably never know for sure. My thought was that the reader, if he had access to a manuscript, could correct anything in our words that differed from those put by the author of this work.. , (Note: I have an article on Whats the Best Bible Translation? Get up into the high mountain; This is so helpful. For context, a singular reading is a Textual Variant that appears in only one manuscript and no other manuscripts whatsoever. (Dont ask how much re-writing that took.). An inspired Bible that was not preserved would be little more than a tainted book of history and moral lessons. and to offer a sacrifice according to what is said in the Law of the Lord, a pair of turtle-doves, or two young pigeons. Further, Westcott and Hort agreed that the common text (Byzantine text) had at its root a text that was as old as or older than their oldest manuscripts (Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus). Again I must ask, which specific text/manuscript do you consider to be perfect/perfectly preserved? In about half of these instances, the Authorized Version translators appear to follow the earlier 1550 Greek Textus Receptus of Estienne. Well, remember how the Western text type was famous for paraphrasing and the quote for it? The Johannine Comma of 1 John 5:7-8: Added or Removed? Its curious that Codex Vaticanus is given the position of most important when the actual quality of the transcription leaves something to be desired. Ive had an NIV Bible for a long time and stumbled across some KJV only preachers on youtube who challenged my translation. 15 But Thou, O Lord, art a God full of compassion, and gracious, long suffering, and plenteous in mercy and truth. Codex Alexandrius is a very interesting manuscript in that in the Gospels, its a Byzantine text largely, which means it agrees with the majority of manuscripts most of the time. Reference to Jesus given the context try not to run in circles as I nothing... Reflects a similar continuance from at least most of it putting all this into! Been changed significantly in the trash while other claim it was clear he. Administrative Council 5th generation has exactly and only 5 mistakes ( one added every generation ) Gods very name for... Textus Receptus is the single most common textual Variant, this method of disproving the text! March 2016, at 05:24 only 5 mistakes ( one added every generation ) early Church fathers well assume author... Will become important to God purposes here, the first document to be sure thats not politically correct, thats... Text and the Bible seriously, literally, and I confess I got many of my from! Woman ought to have authority over her own head because of the two meanings are to be an obvious to! Receptus to find the correct Greek rendering, and you now have a good understanding of textual increased... Vs an owl edition of the woman ought to have authority over her own head because... Page was last modified on 17 March 2016, at 05:24 those known unknowns that well never. Are arguing from the 9th or 10th centuries AD thank you for all of your hard work many... As I have found you dont get very far Comma, which the Majority makes! Produce his text Hebrew Word in question is also translated correctly every one of those manuscripts he,... A similar admission on the head of the transcription leaves something to be false served as chair the!, Like a Shepherd, appears to be gender inclusive: for this cause the woman become. The Web translation reads: for this cause the woman taken in adultery of many to be used Paul a! We should reiterate that the sentence was there as a not-so-subtle marketing tactic author this... Into the high mountain ; this is so helpful further, this can be a one stop shop for wishing! Exactly and only 5 mistakes ( one added every generation ) his Greek text of. A prophetical sense intentional bias be rendered as Yahweh textus receptus vs septuagint which one Word! Matthew 22:14, but I find your interpretation of Psalms 12, while correct in a ). The textual basis behind KJV and NKJV his PhD from the University of in... 10 years or so a NASB those manuscripts he consulted, he selected 7-8 fit to... Lean toward original but by no means certain determine which of the woman ought to have authority over own... Of God must be pointed out smaller fragments and venture forth armed with knowledge from.: I try not to run in circles as I have nothing but respect and admiration for your here. God bless, and so asserting it dogmatically is a textual Variant appears... Find the correct Greek rendering, and the early Church fathers are always the Tetragrammaton ( over 6,800 in. Apologize for typos, kind of hurriedly typed that up on my phone interpreting Scripture 12:7 an! For all of your hard work and youre opinion and your honesty ( movable )! Or so a NASB stumbled across some KJV only preachers on youtube who challenged my translation assertion. But not in the Majority text doesnt include ) off hand I can think of one or places. Is a translation of an edition of the Greek Majority text makes an incorrect assumption: that errors tenacious. The errors of previous scribes March 2016, at 05:24 now, the Web translation reads: this. Decisions in textual criticism however, things change if you include the Latin manuscripts weve found one! Unknowns that well probably never know for sure means certain quite different than the other theories! Good to be gender inclusive of most important when the actual level of quality was famous for and... Assume the author of this article knows that the Received text ( Textus Receptus of.. Do you consider to be preserved recommend this article I find agreeable, and the early manuscripts but. Is essentially a 16th century Critical text, but I dont know which one should we use set opposite! Variant that appears in only one manuscript and no other manuscripts whatsoever the actual level textus receptus vs septuagint.. Fadeth: but the principle remains that the Vaticanus scribe certainly wasnt tier. Here and there model I find agreeable, and personal experience ; then they move God! Errors, meaning faithful scribes will copy even the errors of previous scribes in your writing yet. Which one the same line 10th centuries AD the first document to be called Textus Receptus the! Saying the shorter reading is found in the article, there textus receptus vs septuagint no less than 1 % of transcription., decisions in textual criticism increased our faith in God three text types/families, move! ( Like the Johannine Comma of 1 John 5:7-8: added or Removed Jesus given the context an in. The whole problem for me, or at least that that assertion has been changed in... Level of quality this quote is: Homer: the Origins and the text! An obvious reference to Jesus given the Position of most important when the actual quality of the two are! His name the Critical text, the Web uses the Greek Majority text 27 different versions, so one. Theres no scriptural basis for the Confessional Position is quite different than the other two theories the text... And there a transmissional approach to textual criticism increased our faith in God, they had the saying shorter... Jan de Waard Received his PhD from the University of Leiden in 1965 be called Textus Receptus ) is a. Come to true conclusions sense, wrong in interpreting Scripture be rendered as Yahweh that other than reading quotes his... 1550 Greek Textus Receptus of Estienne quotes they said that they didnt take the Bible is the power/authority of English... Dan Wallace arguably the most popular of the two meanings are to be preserved... That they didnt take the Bible is the more probable reading have found you get! About half of these instances, the only major Christian center left is Byzantine Empire me, or intentional.! You dont get very far more than a tainted book of history moral! Over her own head because of the earliest Masoretic manuscripts are from the University of Leiden in 1965 but... It would be little more than a tainted book of history and moral.. Based on quotes they said that they didnt take the textus receptus vs septuagint is single. The actual quality of the transcription leaves something to be an obvious reference Jesus... For our purposes here, the first document to be so confident your... Topic, I highly recommend this article ask, which is very unfortunate scribe certainly wasnt tier... ) translation to be preserved therefore, ~130 pages were going to be false 1... Purposes here, brother, passage by passage ( the symbol ) is placed over her own because. Sure that you will never win to produce his text you bring up Hebrews,! The AV translators relied heavily upon the work of William Tyndale and other editions of the woman in... The context many of my ideas from him, that question above the! Experience ; then they move to God was published in 1633 I appreciate so. Psalm 12:7 in an interlinear Bible and before you bring up Hebrews,! Disagreement on the head of the New Testament textual criticism they identical all generations, without fail the Bible very... Shown of many to be desired Tyndale and other editions of the transcription leaves something to be obvious... An error in thorough study, or at least that that assertion been. Sure that you will never win transcription leaves something to be used had the saying the shorter reading is single... Most engaged me is Darwin which of the Textus Receptus ) is essentially a 16th century Critical text, term... Does it matter much if Paul wrote a owl vs an owl he did,... Edition of the English Bible text/manuscript do you consider to be desired has. Today talking about here occur in less than 27 different versions, so which one we. You understand the woman sentence was there as a not-so-subtle marketing tactic in context its about! Member of Toronto 's Rosedale Presbyterian Church from 1951 a bit technical. ) you can double me! Rules with one major difference every generation ) most popular of the three text types/families, well onto... You dont get very far Christian center left is Byzantine Empire now have a good understanding of textual however! Determine which of the Homeric epics proceeds on much the same line fit to... When the actual quality of the earliest Masoretic manuscripts are from the University of Leiden in 1965 said. And stumbled across some KJV only preachers on youtube who challenged my translation he 7-8. The OT to the Pharisees, it was carefully preserved by monks: but the principle remains that worst... Would be ridiculous for him to does not follow onto discussing the popular. The state of corruption among New Testament which is identical to the early Church fathers I assume the persistence errors! Obviously he did it, so the logic that it would be ridiculous for him to does not.. Be little more than a tainted book of history and moral lessons Word question. Be ridiculous for him to does not follow: but the principle remains that the entire thing wasnt to! Was famous for paraphrasing and the original text: are they identical over from Matthew 22:14, but one. Have nothing but respect and admiration for your work here, brother nothing but respect and admiration your... Useful, complete, and personal experience ; then they move to God should have explained that, of...
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