Fog is a persistent problem in some areas, especially in East Tennessee. Culturally, most of the state is considered part of the Upland South, and the eastern third is part of Appalachia. [176] Tennessee covers roughly 42,143 square miles (109,150km2), of which 926 square miles (2,400km2), or 2.2%, is water. [296][297] Other important cash crops in the state include hay, wheat, eggs, and snap beans. [214][215], Tennessee is drained by three major rivers, the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi. [192][193] The Eastern Tennessee Seismic Zone spans the entirety of East Tennessee from northwestern Alabama to southwestern Virginia, and is considered one of the most active zones in the Southeastern United States, frequently producing low-magnitude earthquakes. [75][76] The legislature convened on March 28, 1796, and the next day, John Sevier was announced as the state's first governor. The first was adopted in 1796, the year Tennessee was admitted to the union, and the second in 1834. [216] The Cumberland River flows through the north-central part of the state, emerging in the northeastern Highland Rim, passing through Nashville, turning northwest to Clarksville, and entering Kentucky east of the Tennessee River. [272] Muslims and Jews each make up about 1% of the population, and adherents of other religions make up about 3% of the population. The Tennessee Walking Horse, first bred in the region in the late 18th century, is one of the world's most recognized horse breeds. During the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from a predominantly agrarian society to a more diversified economy. [141] In 1925, John T. Scopes, a high school teacher in Dayton, was tried and convicted for teaching evolution in violation of the state's recently passed Butler Act. [441] Since 2016, Tennessee has been the most populous state to vote Republican by more than 60% in presidential elections,[442] and in 2020 voted Republican by the largest margin of any state in terms of number of votes. Following Reconstruction, Tennessee continued to have competitive party politics, but in the 1880s, the White-dominated state government passed Jim Crow laws, one of which imposed a poll tax requirement for voter registration. [244], Tennessee is divided into 95 counties, each of which has a county seat. Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three Grand Divisions of East, Middle, and West Tennessee. [181] The northern border was originally defined as 3630 north latitude and the Royal Colonial Boundary of 1665, but due to faulty surveys, begins north of this line in the east, and to the west, gradually veers north before shifting south onto the actual 3630 parallel at the Tennessee River in West Tennessee. [175], Tennessee is in the Southeastern United States. [102], General Ulysses S. Grant and the U.S. Navy captured the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers in February 1862 at the battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson. [228] Tennessee is home to 340 species of birds, 325 freshwater fish species, 89 mammals, 77 amphibians, and 61 reptiles. [89] Cotton also took hold in the Nashville Basin during this time. [33], The first recorded European expeditions into what is now Tennessee were led by Spanish explorers Hernando de Soto in 15401541, Tristan de Luna in 1559, and Juan Pardo in 15661567. [346] Parts of West Tennessee, especially Memphis, are sometimes considered part of the Deep South. [194] The New Madrid Seismic Zone in the northwestern part of the state produced a series of devastating earthquakes between December 1811 and February 1812 that formed Reelfoot Lake near Tiptonville. WebTennessee State Government - TN.gov The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Request Your Free 2022 TN Vacation Guide Find a COVID-19 Vaccine Appointment Hub for Learning and Teaching Fiscal Year 2022-23 Budget The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Save on Conservationist Magazine Subscriptions! In East Tennessee, most people favored remaining in the Union. With the help of Northern investors, Chattanooga became one of the first industrialized cities in the South. Separate criminal courts serve 13 of the 31 judicial districts; circuit courts handle criminal cases in the remaining districts. The state's highest point, which is also the third-highest peak in eastern North America, is Clingmans Dome, at 6,643 feet (2,025m) above sea level. [146] As part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created in 1933 to provide electricity, jobs, flood control, improved waterway navigation, agricultural development, and economic modernization to the Tennessee River Valley. [177] It borders eight other states: Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi on the south, and Arkansas and Missouri on the west. [109] Despite Unionist sentiment in East Tennessee, Confederates held the area for most of the war. [260], With the exception of a slump in the 1980s, Tennessee has been one of the fastest-growing states in the nation since 1970, benefiting from the larger Sun Belt phenomenon. [251] Knoxville, with about 190,000 inhabitants, and Chattanooga, with about 180,000 residents, are the third- and fourth-largest cities, respectively. [217] A small part of north-central Tennessee is in the Green River watershed. [227] The Nashville Basin is renowned for its diversity of flora and fauna. A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. As a result, Tennessee was the last state to secede and the first readmitted to the Union after the war.[14]. [88] East Tennessee's geography did not allow for large plantations as in the middle and western parts of the state, and as a result, slavery became increasingly rare in the region. [179] The Tennessee River forms most of the division between Middle and West Tennessee. [370] Tennessee is also home to six historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). [217] Its principal branches in Tennessee are the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, Harpeth, and Red rivers. [89] Entrepreneurs such as Montgomery Bell used slaves in the production of iron in the Western Highland Rim, and slaves also cultivated such crops as tobacco and corn throughout the Highland Rim. The University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. [261] The state has been a top destination for people relocating from Northeastern and Midwestern states. 1 thing for teams, and Mississippi State had plenty. [379] These include the Mississippi, Tennessee, and Cumberland rivers. The husband of the Tennessee police officer fired for having sex with six of her coworkers is standing by his wife, the Daily Mail reported Friday. Of the foreign-born population, approximately 42.7% were naturalized citizens and 57.3% non-citizens. [434], Beginning in the early 21st century, Tennessee transitioned into a solid Republican state, primarily due to rural white voters who have rejected the increasing liberalism of the Democratic Party. Capital punishment is legal in Tennessee and has existed at various times since statehood. [461] Tennessee's only graded stakes horserace, the Iroquois Steeplechase, is held in Nashville each May. It owns 79 acres (32ha) in Henning, which the tribe placed into federal trust in 2012. [412], Tennessee's politics are currently dominated by the Republican Party. [198] Numerous tributaries join to form the Tennessee River in the Ridge and Valley region. WebUseful content regarding Tennessee State Government and Governor Bill Haslam, as well as local government resources and state employee-related information. [337][338] Other top attractions include the Tennessee State Museum and Parthenon in Nashville; the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis; Lookout Mountain, the Chattanooga Choo-Choo Hotel, Ruby Falls, and the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga; the American Museum of Science and Energy in Oak Ridge, the Bristol Motor Speedway, Jack Daniel's Distillery in Lynchburg, and the Hiwassee and Ocoee rivers in Polk County. [211] The plain begins in the east with low rolling hills and wide stream valleys, known as the West Tennessee Highlands, and gradually levels out to the west. [216] The Cumberland River basin covers the northern half of Middle Tennessee and a small portion of East Tennessee. Lee's 2nd term inauguration scheduled for Jan. 21. Study finds more people moved to Tennessee in 2020", "More people moved to Tennessee, Texas, and Florida than any other states in 2020, according to data from U-Haul see the full ranking", "Selected Characteristics of the Foreign-born Population by Period of Entry into the United States", "Public Chapter 1101 The Tennessee Growth Policy Act", Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, "Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Tennessee: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", "The Association of Religion Data Archives | State Membership Report", "Church of God International Offices marks 50 years at Keith and 25th location", "Remarriage Issue Gives Denomination an Identity Crisis", "National Association of Free Will Baptists (NAFWB)", "Not New York: Book Business & Publishers in Nashville", "Union membership drops in Tennessee as legislature considers putting right to work laws in state constitution", "Tax policy: States with the highest and lowest taxes", "There are 9 US states with no income tax, but 2 of them still tax investment earnings", "Tennessee on its way to becoming a bona fide no-income-tax state in 2021", "What are the state and local sales tax rates in Tennessee? The state had two previous constitutions. [153] After the war, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory became an institution for scientific and technological research. [55] The Chickamauga, a Cherokee faction loyal to the British led by Dragging Canoe, opposed the settling of the Washington District and Transylvania Colony, and in 1776 attacked Fort Watauga at Sycamore Shoals. Secretary Hargett is the chief executive officer of the Department of State with oversight of more than 300 employees. [118] Johnson became vice president when Lincoln was reelected, and president after Lincoln's assassination in May 1865. [308] Chemical products manufactured in Tennessee include industrial chemicals, paints, pharmaceuticals, plastic resins, and soaps and hygiene products. [90] A strong abolition movement developed in East Tennessee, beginning as early as 1797, and in 1819, Elihu Embree of Jonesborough began publishing the Manumission Intelligencier (later The Emancipator), the nation's first exclusively anti-slavery newspaper. [74] During this convention, the name Tennessee was chosen for the new state. Tennessee's major professional sports franchises. [157] King had traveled there to support striking African American sanitation workers. In the 1950s, Tennessee twice voted for Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Allied Commander of the Armed Forces during World War II. [188], Geological formations in Tennessee largely correspond with the state's topographic features, and, in general, decrease in age from east to west. Hodges. An estimated 2124% of Tennesseans are of predominantly English ancestry. [349][350] Notable authors with ties to Tennessee include Cormac McCarthy, Peter Taylor, James Agee, Francis Hodgson Burnett, Thomas S. Stribling, Ida B. [62] That same year John Sevier led a group of Overmountain Men from Fort Watauga to the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina, where they defeated the British. The current governor is Bill Lee, a Republican. The state of Tennessee is a place in the southeastern United States. [61] This settlement later grew into the city of Nashville. Tennessee, constituent state of the United States of America. The exposition was one of the most successful, and the most recent world's fair to be held in the U.S.[166] In 1986, Tennessee held a yearlong celebration of the state's heritage and culture called "Homecoming '86". [382][200] I-40's branch interstates include I-240 in Memphis; I-440 in Nashville; I-840 around Nashville; I-140 from Knoxville to Maryville; and I-640 in Knoxville. In every county except Davidson, the sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer. Food is taxed at 4%, but candy, dietary supplements, and prepared foods are taxed at 7%. [380], Interstate 40 (I-40) is the longest Interstate Highway in Tennessee, traversing the state for 455 miles (732km). WebTennessee's third-largest city perfectly blends outdoor recreation with urban amenities. [407][408], Tennessee is divided into 95 counties, with 92 county governments that use a county commission legislative body and a separately elected county executive. The state is one of eight states which require voters to present a form of photo identification. [459] Nashville is also home to the Belmont Bruins, members of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) but moving to the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) in July 2022; Tennessee State Tigers, OVC members with no plans to change conferences; and the Lipscomb Bisons, members of the ASUN Conference. [25] Later generations of Woodland peoples constructed the first mounds. [66] The act allowed the territory to petition for statehood once the population reached 60,000. [451] The Tennessee Smokies, which have played continuously since 1972,[452] and Chattanooga Lookouts, which have played continuously since 1976,[453] are members of the Double-A classification Southern League. The Highway Patrol is the primary entity that enforces highway safety regulations and general non-wildlife state laws. [198] Most of these ridges are low, but some of the higher ones are commonly called mountains. [218] The entirety of the state is in the Mississippi River watershed, except for a small sliver near the southeastern corner traversed by the Conasauga River, which is part of the Mobile Bay watershed. [154], After the U.S. Supreme Court ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, Oak Ridge High School in 1955 became the first school in Tennessee to be integrated. Tennessee has 33.9 days annually when the high temperature is Covering an area of 109,247 sq. [53], In 1775, Richard Henderson negotiated a series of treaties with the Cherokee to sell the lands of the Watauga settlements at Sycamore Shoals on the banks of the Watauga River. [280] Unionization has historically been low and continues to decline, as in most of the U.S.[281], Tennessee has a reputation as a low-tax state and is usually ranked as one of the five states with the lowest tax burden on residents. [314], Tennessee's electric utilities are regulated monopolies, as in many other states. Get It Now Start Planning Tap Add to Trip on anything you like. [249] In addition to the major cities, the Tri-Cities of Kingsport, Bristol, and Johnson City are considered the sixth major population center. [212] It ends at steep loess bluffs overlooking the Mississippi embayment, the westernmost physiographic division of Tennessee, which is part of the larger Mississippi Alluvial Plain. [255], According to the 2010 census, 6.4% of Tennessee's population were under age5, 23.6% were under 18, and 13.4% were 65 or older. [287] Local sales taxes are collected in most jurisdictions at rates varying from 1.5% to 2.75%, bringing the total sales tax between 8.5% and 9.75%. [98] On June 8, with Middle Tennesseans having significantly changed their position, voters approved a second referendum on secession by a 6931% margin, becoming the last state to secede. [12] Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later the Southwest Territory, before its admission to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. [400] The Supreme Court of Tennessee appoints the state's Attorney General, a practice only found in Tennessee. For the Japanese MC, see, Map of the United States with Tennessee highlighted. [400] It has a chief justice and four associate justices. [70] The full legislature convened on August 25, 1794. [3] Tennessee has the most caves in the United States, with more than 10,000 documented. [112] On April 27, 1865, the worst maritime disaster in American history occurred when the Sultana steamboat, which was transporting freed Union prisoners, exploded in the Mississippi River north of Memphis, killing 1,168 people. Most of West Tennessee is in the Lower Mississippi River watershed. Additional important products manufactured in Tennessee include fabricated metal products, electrical equipment, consumer electronics and electrical appliances, and nonelectrical machinery. For the river, see, "Tenn" redirects here. [50] They formed the Watauga Association in 1772, a semi-autonomous representative government,[51] and three years later reorganized themselves into the Washington District to support the cause of the American Revolutionary War. [63], Three counties of the Washington District broke off from North Carolina in 1784 and formed the State of Franklin. 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